Below is a detailed table categorizing various Excel functions by their typical usage or category, each followed by a brief description of what they do:
1. Logical Functions
Function
Description
AND
Returns TRUE if all of its arguments are TRUE
OR
Returns TRUE if any arguments are TRUE
NOT
Returns the reversed logical value of its argument
IF
Returns one value if a condition is TRUE and another value if FALSE
IFERROR
Returns a specified value if the formula results in an error, otherwise returns the formula’s result
IFNA
Returns a specified value if the formula results in an #N/A error
XOR
Returns a logical Exclusive OR of all arguments
SWITCH
Evaluates an expression against a list of values and returns the corresponding result
IFS
Returns a value corresponding to the first TRUE condition among multiple provided conditions
2. Mathematical Functions
Function
Description
SUM
Adds all the numbers in a range of cells
PRODUCT
Multiplies all the numbers given as arguments
SQRT
Returns the square root of a number
POWER
Returns the result of a number raised to a power
ABS
Returns the absolute value of a number
MOD
Returns the remainder from division
3. Text Functions
Function
Description
CONCATENATE / CONCAT
Joins two or more text strings into one string
LEFT
Returns the first character(s) in a text string based on the number of characters specified
RIGHT
Returns the last character(s) of a text string based on the number of characters specified
MID
Returns a specific number of characters from a text string starting at the position you specify
UPPER
Converts text to uppercase
LOWER
Converts text to lowercase
PROPER
Capitalizes the first letter in each word of a text string
4. Date and Time Functions
Function
Description
NOW
Returns the current date and time
TODAY
Returns the current date
DATE
Returns the serial number of a particular date
DATEDIF
Calculates the difference between two dates
YEAR
Returns the year of a date, as an integer
MONTH
Returns the month of a date as an integer
5. Lookup and Reference Functions
Function
Description
VLOOKUP
Looks in the first column of an array and moves across the row to return the value of a cell
HLOOKUP
Looks for a value in the top row of a table or an array of values, and then returns a value in the same column from a row you specify
INDEX
Returns the value of an element in a table or an array, selected by the row and column number indexes
MATCH
Searches for a specified item in a range of cells, and then returns the relative position of that item
6. Financial Functions
Function
Description
PV
Calculates the present value of an investment
FV
Calculates the future value of an investment
PMT
Calculates the payment for a loan based on constant payments and a constant interest rate
RATE
Returns the interest rate per period of an annuity
This list covers a broad range of the most commonly used functions across different categories in Excel, useful for diverse applications from financial modeling to daily data management tasks.
